Electronic Component

Electronic components are the basic elements in electronic circuits, usually individual packages, and have two or more leads or metal contacts. Electronic components must be connected to each other to form an electronic circuit with specific functions, such as amplifiers, radio receivers, oscillators, etc. One of the common ways to connect electronic components is soldering to a printed circuit board. Electronic components may be individual packages (resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, diodes, etc.), or groups of various complexity, such as integrated circuits (operational amplifiers, exclusions, logic gates, etc.)

Component classificationedit
In order to maintain the stability of the operation of electronic components, they are usually covered and packaged with synthetic resin (Resin dispensing) to improve insulation and protection from environmental influences.
Components may be passive or active:


Passive components are electronic components that do not have any gain or directionality when in use. In circuit analysis (Network analysis), they are called electrical elements .


Active components are a kind of electronic components. Compared with passive components, they have gain or directionality when in use. They include semiconductor devices and vacuum tubes.

Standard abbreviationsedit

Abbreviations of component names are widely used in industry:
AE, ANT: antenna
B: battery
BR: bridge rectifier
C: Capacitor
CRT: cathode ray tube
D or CR: diode
DSP: digital signal processor
F: fuse
FET: field effect Transistor
GDT: gas discharge tube
IC: integrated circuit
J: Jumper or jumper
JFET: Junction gate field-effect Transistor
L: Inductor
LCD: liquid crystal display
LDR: light dependent Resistor
LED: light emitting diode
LS: (loud) speaker
M: electric motor, motor, meter
MCB: circuit breaker
Mic: microphone
MOSFET: metal oxide semiconductor field effect Transistor

Ne: Neon light, neon lamp
OP, OPA: operational Amplifier
PCB: printed circuit board
Q: Transistor
R: Resistor
RLA: RY: relay
SCR: Silicon controlled rectifier
SW: switchT: Transformer
TFT: thin film transistor
TH: Thermistor
TP: test point
Tr: Transistor
U: integrated circuit
V: vacuum tube
VC: variable Capacitor
VFD: vacuum fluorescent display
VLSI: Very large scale integration
VR: variable Resistor
X: crystal oscillator, ceramic resonator
XMER: Transformer
XTAL: crystal oscillator
Z or ZD: Zener diode